Spicer is a reader in marine biology at the university of plymouth. It refers to all the variety of life that can be found on earth plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms as well as to the communities that they form and the habitats in which they live. Introduction to biodiversity center for biodiversity outcomes. It is important to maintain this level in order to balance the environmental harmony on our planet. In other words, biodiversity is the occurrence of different types of ecosystems, different species of organisms with the whole. Biodiversity conservation different methods and strategies. The fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources. Biodiversity is the shortened form of two words biological and diversity. Biologists most often define biodiversity as the totality of genes, species and ecosystems. The ability to both understand and quantify biodiversity is important to conservation efforts. The red line shows the average change acrossallcombinations ofgenes,species,ortraits. Ecosystem diversity diversity at a higher level of organization, the ecosystem. India is one of the twelve mega biodiversity countries of the world. Click here to download artwork this concise introductory text provides a complete overview of biodiversity what it is, how it arose, its distribution.
Biodiversity conservation provides substantial benefits to meet immediate human needs, such as clean, consistent water flows, protection from floods and storms and a stable climate. Your first research project is designed to introduce you to a naturalists perspective of biodiversity. Forest biodiversity is being lost at an alarming rate. Biodiversity a unified view of biological varieties. Timely overview of the serious attempts made to quantify and describe biodiversity in a scientific way acts as an easy entry point into the primary literature. Biodiversity is not evenly distributed, rather it varies greatly across the globe as well as within regions.
Terrestrial land and aquatic water ecosystems are comprised of communities of organisms that. Biodiversity and conservation although india h as only 2. Among other factors, the diversity of all living things depends on temperature, precipitation, altitude, soils, geography and the presence of other species. Preface this is the second edition of biodiversity. The only introduction to macroevolution and macroecology to adopt an innovative enquiryled, case studybased framework to encourage active learning and critical thinking, this book. Biodiversity guidance to accompany the natural capital.
Introduction to the biodiversity unit this unit on biodiversity is designed to help students in the central appalachian region better know the plants and animals living in their own backyard and the richness and value of appalachian biodiversity. The second convention organized at johannesburg in 2002 called world summit on sustainable development wssd where the biodiversity and sustainable ecosystem management was the issue. Jan 16, 2012 introduction the convention on biological diversity cbd entered into force on 29 december 1993. Pdf biodiversity is a valuable, but poorly understood, natural resource, which is being lost at an accelerating rate as a result of human actions. Biodiversity includes the diversity within species and between. Much has been published on the subject since its first appearance at the national forum on biodiversity in september, 1986, the proceedings of which became the bestseller, biodiversity. This book is an excellent basic introduction to general biodiversity fo students and teachers, as well as generalists and amateurs interested in exploring the fundamentals, uses, threats and conservation of biodiversity. Thegreypolygonrepresents the 95% confidence interval, whereas red dots give maximum and minimum. It is also essential reading for anyone requiring an overview of the vast literature on this topic. It has largely replaced the more clearly defined terms species richness and species diversity.
Biodiversity, a portmanteau of bio life and diversity, generally refers to the variety and variability of life. An introduction to pennsylvania species, habitat, ecosystems, and biodiversity what is biodiversity. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level. Biodiversity is the variety of living species on earth plants, animals and microorganisms and the ecosystems they form. Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator, which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. The sustainable use of the components of biological diversity. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader. Unep 1992 defines it as the variety and variability of all animals, plants and microorganisms and the ecological complexes of which they are a part. Going by the raw definition, biodiversity is the totality of genes, species, and ecosystems of a given region. Biodiversity is a generic term that can be related to many environments and species, for example, forests, freshwater, marine and temperate environments, the soil, crop plants, domestic animals, wild species and microorganisms. His research interests range from the ecophysiology of marine animals. Biodiversity may be defined as the variety and variability of living organisms and the ecological complexes in which they exist.
Biodiversity essay 400 words biodiversity, also referred to as biological diversity, is the variety of flora and fauna present in a particular habitat or on earth as a whole. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Let us more specifically discuss the conservation of biodiversity in india. According to the united nations environment programme unep, biodiversity typically measures variation at the genetic, the species, and the ecosystem level. Biodiversity can be measured through the use of quantitativeindicators, although no single unified approach exists. Biodiversity accounting an introduction information sheet 1 the uks native wildlife biodiversity has been in serious decline for the last 50 years, especially following the intensification of agriculture since the 1970s. Habitat loss is directly linked to human induced pressures on land. Read download biodiversity an introduction pdf pdf download.
Biodiversity hotspots are excellent examples of species diversity. The term biodiversity was coined as a contraction of biological diversity by e. Like all biological systems, the oceans are experiencing an ecologically and evolutionarily unprecedented series of stresses, many of which are changing the structure and organization of marine communities. Biodiversity introduction introducing biodiversity. Introduction to exploring biodiversity biodiversity is defined as the degree of variation of living organisms within a particular ecosystem or the entire planet. When there is a shift in the balance of an ecosystem, such as the loss of a plant or an animal or an introduction of new species, this shift can lead to irreversible consequences. Biodiversity refers to diversity between and within ecosystems and habitats, the. Biodiversity worksheets and introduction teaching resources. Biodiversity also underpins ecosystem function and the provision of ecosystem services. Biodiversity can be identified in a variety of forms including species diversity, habitat diversity and genetic diversity. Introduction to biodiversity it refers to all the variety of life that can be found on earth plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms as well as to the communities that they form and the habitats in which they live. Biodiversity is the variety and variability of life on earth. Biodiversity wildlife habitat assessment introduction biodiversity refers to the degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, and is one measure of the health of ecosystems. Though the unit may stand alone, it is immeasurably enhanced by showing either all or specific.
The air we breathe, the water we drink and the food we eat are fundamental to our existence. Introduction to biodiversity center for biodiversity. Biodiversity refers to the variety of species, their genetic makeup and the natural communities in which they occur. Biodiversity conservation is the protection and management of biodiversity to obtain resources for sustainable development. Gaston is professor of biodiversity and conservation at the university of sheffield.
The study of the spatial distribution of organisms, species and ecosystems, is the science of biogeography. Alpha diversity, beta diversity, gamma diversity, what are the uses of biodiversity. Click here to download artwork this concise introductory text provides a complete overview of biodiversity what it is, how it arose, its distribution, why it is important, human impact upon it, and what should be done to maintain it. If you are generating a pdf of a journal article or book chapter, please feel free to. Approximately 70 percent of the earths surface is covered by water, and most of that is marine. Nearly 45,000 species of plants and twice as many of animals have been recorded from india. Classification of biodiversity ppt and pdf easy biology. An introduction to pennsylvania species, habitat, ecosystems. Your first research project is designed to introduce you to a. Therefore, it is important to understand what makes an ecosystem thrive. Introduction to consultation 16 march 2020 1 may 2020 background the natural capital protocol the protocol is an internationally accepted, standardized. Ppt biodiversity powerpoint presentation free to download. Biodiversity has contributed in many ways to the development of human culture, and, in turn, human. Terrestrial land and aquatic water ecosystems are comprised of.
To ensure conservation of biodiversity sustainable use of biodiversity rational and equitable share of profit to accrue from use of genetic resources. Introduction the convention on biological diversity cbd entered into force on 29 december 1993. At the world summit for sustainable development in johannesburg in 2002, the assembled parties endorsed the 2010 target, earlier agreed by the conference of the parties to the convention on biological diversity cbd 2002, to achieve by 2010 a significant reduction of the current rate of biodiversity loss at the global, regional. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading biodiversity. Introduction chiariello n 2008 read the full introduction pdf the butterfly assemblage of jasper ridge biological preserve jerome pellet, ph. Biodiversity biological diversity describes the whole range of biological life on earth. As an estimate, there are around 45,000 species of plants and about 90,000.
An introduction has been designed primarily for undergraduates studying biodiversity on a range of courses in botany, zoology and ecology. In 2002, governments set 2010 as a deadline to achieve a significant reductionin the rate of loss of biodiversity for reducing poverty. The term biological diversity or biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms and habitats found in a defined area. The year 2010 has long been seen as an end goal, a time when we could look back and say, yes, weve done it that biodiversity, life on earth, is no longer threatened. Pdf an introduction to biodiversity concepts for environmental. Conservation of biodiversity can be studied in different segments. Alpha diversity, beta diversity, gamma diversity, what are the uses of. The biodiversity worksheets use data from the organic and conventional parts of the farm. This book is a unique introduction to the fields of macroevolution and macroecology, taking an enquiryled approach to exploring the evolution and distribution of biodiversity across time, space and lineages. Biological diversity means the variability among living organisms from all sources including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part. Biodiversity, also referred to as biological diversity, is broadly the diversity or variability of different species of plants and animals on the earth. To maintain lifesupporting systems and essential ecological processes.
Biodiversity conservation has three main objectives. He has broad research interests in the fields of biodiversity, macroecology and conservation biology. That is what makes our country one of the 12 mega diversity countries of the world. Classification of biodiversity ppt and pdf easy biology class. The concept of biodiversity has provoked considerable debate and misunderstanding among the general public, decisionmakers, and even the scientific community. Biodiversity refers to the importance of a wide variety of plants and animals that live in the world or in a specific habitat.
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